Zeziphi izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukwemba?
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekwembiweni, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemigodi (umngxuma ovulekileyo okanye ongaphantsi komhlaba) kunye nohlobo lweminerali ekwembiwayo.
1. Izixhobo zokwemba ezivulekileyo: Zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukwemba iidiphozithi zeeminerali phezu okanye kufutshane nomphezulu. Ngenxa yendawo enkulu yokusebenza, izixhobo ezinkulu nezisebenzayo zingasetyenziswa. Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokwemba ezivulekileyo ziquka:
Izixhobo zokumba:
Ummbi: Usetyenziselwa ukumba nokulayisha i-ore okanye ilitye elimdaka. Kukho ubungakanani obahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zeemba, ezifana neembambi ze-backhoe, iimbambi zefosholo zobuso, njl.
Ii-embari zamavili ebhakethi zisetyenziselwa ukwemba ngokuqhubekayo iidiphozithi zezimbiwa ezithambileyo ezifana nesanti yamalahle neyeoyile.
Iidraglines zisetyenziselwa ukususa umthwalo ogqithisileyo (ukukhupha) kunye nokwemba iintsalela zezimbiwa ezingaphantsi kakhulu.
Izixhobo zothutho:
Iilori zokumba zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha isinyithi okanye amatye enkunkuma amaninzi ukusuka kwindawo yokukhupha ukuya kwindawo yokutyumza, ukugcina izinto ezigciniweyo okanye indawo yokulahla inkunkuma. Ezi lori zihlala zinkulu kakhulu kwaye ziyakwazi ukuthwala amakhulu eetoni zezinto.
Iibhanti zokuthutha zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha i-ore okanye inkunkuma yamatye rhoqo kumgama omde, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinomhlaba othambileyo.
Oomatshini bokudlulisa izinto basetyenziselwa ukuqokelela nokubuyisela izinto ezininzi.
Izixhobo zokutyumza nokuhlola:
Isixhobo sokutyumza: Sisetyenziselwa ukuqhekeza i-ore eyombiweyo ibe ziisayizi ezincinci ukuze kube lula ukuyithutha kunye nokuyicubungula emva koko.
Umatshini wokuhlola: usetyenziselwa ukwahlula i-ore etyumkileyo ngokobukhulu bayo.
Izixhobo zokubhola kunye nokuqhumisa:
Iidrili ezijikelezayo kunye needrili ezisezantsi emngxunyeni: ezisetyenziselwa ukugqobhoza imingxuma edwaleni ukuze kulayishwe iziqhushumbisi ukuze kuqhunyiswe.
Izixhobo neziqhushumbisi: ezisetyenziselwa ukuqhekeza ilitye eliqinileyo.
Izixhobo ezincedisayo:
I-Bulldozer: Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa indawo, ukucoca iindlela kunye nokuqokelela izinto ezifunekayo.
I-motor grader: isetyenziselwa ukulondoloza nokwakha iindlela zemigodi.
Isitshizi: Sisetyenziselwa ukucinezela uthuli.
2. Izixhobo zokwemba phantsi komhlaba zisetyenziselwa ukwemba iidiphozithi zeeminerali ezingcwatywe nzulu, nto leyo efuna ukumba imizila kunye neetonela ukuze kungene umzimba we-ore. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwendawo, izixhobo zokwemba phantsi komhlaba zihlala zincinci kwaye ziguquguquka ngakumbi kunezixhobo zokwemba ezivulekileyo. Izixhobo zokwemba phantsi komhlaba eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
Izixhobo zokumba:
Iintloko zendlela: Zisetyenziselwa ukugrumba iindlela kunye neetonela ngoomatshini, ingakumbi kwimigodi yamalahle kunye namatye athambileyo.
Izixhobo zokubhola: Zixhotyiswe ngeengalo ezininzi zokubhola, ezisetyenziselwa ukubhola imingxuma kwilitye eliqinileyo ukuze kuqhunyiswe.
I-Rotary Drilling Rig: Isetyenziselwa ukugrumba imingxunya emikhulu ethe nkqo kunye ne-chute.
Izixhobo zokumba:
Umvukuzi oqhubekayo: Usetyenziswa kakhulu ekumbeni amagumbi kunye neensika kwimigodi yamalahle, apho umthungo wamalahle ukhuhlwa khona ngeedrama ezijikelezayo.
Umchebi weendonga ezinde: osetyenziswa kwimigodi yeendonga ezinde ukusika amalahle eludongeni olude lwamalahle.
I-Scraper: Isetyenziselwa ukulayisha nokuthutha i-ore okanye inkunkuma yamatye, kwaye ikwazi ukuhamba kakuhle kwiindawo ezimxinwa.
Iilori zokumba: Zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha isinyithi esikhulu okanye amatye amdaka ngaphantsi komhlaba.
Isixhobo sokuhambisa esikrwela: sisetyenziselwa ukuthutha amalahle kubuso obusebenzayo eludongeni olude.
Ibhanti yokuthutha: isetyenziselwa ukuthutha i-ore okanye inkunkuma yamatye kumgama omde.
Imveliso yemigodi yinkqubo epheleleyo edibanisa ukuhlola, ukuqhumisa, ukutyumza, ukulayisha, ukuthuthwa, ukuvavanya, ukugcina kunye nenkxaso yokhuseleko. Ikhonkco ngalinye lifuna ukusebenza okudibeneyo kwezixhobo ezininzi zobungcali ukuze kufezekiswe ukubuyiswa kwezixhobo zezimbiwa ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Sixhobisa izithuthi zemigodi ngeerim zobungcali. I-HYWG ngumyili kunye nomenzi oyintloko waseTshayina onamavili angaphandle kwendlela, kwaye yingcali ephambili kwihlabathi kuyilo lwezixhobo zerim kunye nokuvelisa. Zonke iimveliso ziyilwe kwaye ziveliswa ngokwemigangatho ephezulu yomgangatho.
Sineqela lophando nophuhliso eliqulunqwe ziinjineli eziphezulu kunye neengcali zobugcisa, eligxile kuphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha, kunye nokugcina isikhundla esiphambili kushishino. Simisele inkqubo epheleleyo yenkonzo emva kokuthengisa ukubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa emva kokuthengisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba abathengi banamava agudileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Sinamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ekwenzeni amavili. Sinamava amaninzi kakhulu kwimveliso kunye nemveliso ye amavili okumba imigodi.
Sinikezela ngeentlobo ezininzi zamavili kwiVolvo, Caterpillar, Liebherr, John Deere, Huddig kunye nezinye iimpawu ezaziwayo.
Kutheni izithuthi zemigodi zifuna amavili akhethekileyo?
Izithuthi zemigodi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngamavili alungiselelwe ngokukodwa (kuquka amatayara kunye neerim) ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo:
1. Ukujongana neemeko ezinzima zokusebenza
Umthamo onzima womthwalo: I-ore ethuthwa zizithuthi zemigodi ixinene kakhulu kwaye inzima, kwaye amavili kufuneka akwazi ukumelana nemithwalo emininzi okanye amakhulu eetoni.
Iimeko zomhlaba ezinzima: Iindawo zemigodi zihlala zihamba nomhlaba onzima ofana namatye abukhali, udaka, uthuli, imingxuma, njl.njl., nto leyo ebeka imfuneko enkulu kukumelana nokuguguleka kwamavili kunye nokumelana nokugqobhoka.
Ukuziqhelanisa nemozulu egqithisileyo: Ezinye iindawo zemigodi zinobushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphantsi okanye ukufuma okuphezulu, kwaye amatayara aqhelekileyo adla ngokuguga okanye angasebenzi.
2. Ukuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo
Ukuqinisa ulwakhiwo lwamatayara ngokukodwa (njengolwakhiwo lweradial olusebenzisa intsimbi yonke) kunokuthintela ngempumelelo iingozi ezinjengokuqhuma kwamatayara nokuqengqeleka kwawo.
Idityaniswe noyilo lwerim yokwemba (njengolwakhiwo lweringi yokutshixa yokhuseleko enamaqhekeza ama-5), iqinisekisa ukuba itayara ayityibiliki phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukhuseleko lokusebenza.
3. Yandisa ubomi benkonzo kwaye unciphise iindleko zokulungisa
Izinto eziqinileyo nezinomzimba otyebileyo zinokumelana nokusebenza ixesha elide kunye nokuqengqeleka okuphindaphindiweyo.
Uyilo olukhethekileyo lwepateni lunokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwe-tread, luphucule ukusasazwa kobushushu, lwandise umjikelo wokutshintshwa kwaye lunciphise izinga lokungasebenzi.
4. Ziqhelanise neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zezixhobo
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokumba (ezifana neelori zokulahla inkunkuma eziqinileyo, iilori ezidityanisiweyo, ii-LHD, iifosholo zombane ezingaphantsi komhlaba, njl.njl.) zineemfuno ezizodwa zokufanisa umthwalo, ubungakanani, kunye nolwakhiwo lwamavili.
Ezinye izixhobo, ezifana nezithuthi ezingaphantsi komhlaba, zifuna amatayara aqinileyo okanye amatayara aphantsi ukuze zilungele iindlela ezisezantsi.
5. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi
Uyilo lokubamba kwamavili nomhlaba (njengeepateni ezinzulu kunye noyilo olubanzi) lunokuphucula ukutyibilika kunye nokubambelela kwaye lunciphise ukutyibilika kunye nokuma.
Ivumela izithuthi zemigodi ukuba zigcine isantya sokuthutha esikhawulezayo phantsi komthwalo omkhulu, ngaloo ndlela zonyusa inani lemveliso ye-ore ngexesha ngalinye.
Inkampani yethu ibandakanyeka kakhulu kwicandelo loomatshini bobunjineli, iirim zemigodi, iirim zeforklift, iirim zemizi-mveliso, iirim zezolimo, ezinye izinto zeerim kunye namatayara.
Oku kulandelayo ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeerim ezinokuveliswa yinkampani yethu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:
- Ubungakanani boomatshini bobunjineli:
| 8.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 10.00-25 |
| 11.25-25 | 12.00-25 | 13.00-25 | 14.00-25 | 17.00-25 | 19.50-25 | 22.00-25 |
| 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 | 13.00-33 |
- Ubungakanani bomphetho wesandla sam:
| 22.00-25 | 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 |
| 28.00-33 | 16.00-34 | 15.00-35 | 17.00-35 | 19.50-49 | 24.00-51 | 40.00-51 |
| 29.00-57 | 32.00-57 | 41.00-63 | 44.00-63 |
- Ubungakanani bomphetho wevili le-Forklift:
| 3.00-8 | 4.33-8 | 4.00-9 | 6.00-9 | 5.00-10 | 6.50-10 | 5.00-12 |
| 8.00-12 | 4.50-15 | 5.50-15 | 6.50-15 | 7.00-15 | 8.00-15 | 9.75-15 |
| 11.00-15 | 11.25-25 | 13.00-25 | 13.00-33 |
- Ubukhulu bomphetho wesithuthi semizi-mveliso:
| 7.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 7.00x12 |
| 7.00x15 | 14x25 | 8.25x16.5 | 9.75x16.5 | 16x17 | 13x15.5 | 9x15.3 |
| 9x18 | 11x18 | 13x24 | 14x24 | DW14x24 | DW15x24 | 16x26 |
| DW25x26 | W14x28 | 15x28 | DW25x28 |
- Ubungakanani bomphetho wevili loomatshini bezolimo:
| 5.00x16 | 5.5x16 | 6.00-16 | 9x15.3 | 8LBx15 | 10LBx15 | 13x15.5 |
| 8.25x16.5 | 9.75x16.5 | 9x18 | 11x18 | W8x18 | W9x18 | 5.50x20 |
| W7x20 | W11x20 | W10x24 | W12x24 | 15x24 | 18x24 | DW18Lx24 |
| DW16x26 | DW20x26 | W10x28 | 14x28 | DW15x28 | DW25x28 | W14x30 |
| DW16x34 | W10x38 | DW16x38 | I-W8x42 | DD18Lx42 | DW23Bx42 | I-W8x44 |
| W13x46 | 10x48 | W12x48 | 15x10 | 16x5.5 | 16x6.0 |
Iimveliso zethu zikumgangatho wehlabathi.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-23-2025