Yimiphi imishini esetshenziselwa ukumbiwa kwemigodi?
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zemishini esetshenziswa ekumbeni, kuye ngohlobo lokumba (umgodi ovulekile noma ngaphansi komhlaba) kanye nohlobo lweminerali embayo.
1. Imishini yokumba evulekile: Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukumba amaminerali ngaphezulu noma eduze kwawo. Ngenxa yendawo enkulu yokusebenza, imishini emikhulu nephumelelayo ingasetshenziswa. Imishini evamile yokumba evulekile ihlanganisa:
Imishini yokumba:
Umgodi: Usetshenziselwa ukumba nokulayisha i-ore noma idwala elingcolile. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zosayizi nezinhlobo zemishini yokumba, njengemishini yokumba i-backhoe, imishini yokumba ifosholo yobuso, njll.
Imishini yokumba amasondo ebhakede isetshenziselwa ukumbiwa okuqhubekayo okukhulu kwezinsalela zamaminerali ezithambile njengezihlabathi zamalahle namafutha.
Imigqa yokudonsa isetshenziselwa ukususa umthwalo ongaphezulu (ukususa) kanye nokumba amaminerali angajulile.
Imishini yokuthutha:
Amaloli okumba asetshenziselwa ukuthutha inqwaba yetshe eliyigugu noma idwala eliyimfucuza lisuka endaweni yokukhipha liye esitshalweni sokuchoboza, endaweni yokugcina imfucuza noma endaweni yokulahla imfucuza. Lawa maloli ngokuvamile makhulu kakhulu futhi ayakwazi ukuthwala amakhulu amathani ezinto zokwakha.
Ama-belt conveyor asetshenziselwa ukuthutha i-ore noma i-waste rock ngokuqhubekayo emabangeni amade, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinendawo ethambile.
Imishini yokudlulisa isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa nokubuyisa izinto eziningi.
Imishini yokuchoboza nokuhlola:
I-Crusher: Isetshenziselwa ukuphula i-ore eqoshiwe ibe ngamasayizi amancane ukuze kube lula ukuyithutha kanye nokucutshungulwa kwayo okulandelayo.
Umshini wokuhlola: usetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa i-ore echotshoziwe ngokobukhulu.
Imishini yokubhoboza nokuqhuma:
Ama-drill ajikelezayo kanye nama-drill aphansi emigodini: asetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imigodi edwaleni ukuze kulayishwe iziqhumane ukuze kuqhunyiswe.
Izinto eziqhumayo kanye nemishini: esetshenziselwa ukuphula idwala eliqinile.
Imishini yokusiza:
I-Bulldozer: Isetshenziselwa ukulinganisa indawo, ukusula imigwaqo nokuqoqa izinto zokwakha.
I-motor grader: isetshenziselwa ukunakekela nokwakha imigwaqo yezimayini.
I-Sprinkler: Isetshenziselwa ukucindezela uthuli.
2. Imishini yokumba ngaphansi komhlaba isetshenziselwa ukumba amatshe angaphansi komhlaba agqitshwe ngokujulile, okudinga ukumba imizila kanye nemigudu ukuze kungene emzimbeni wetshe. Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwesikhala, imishini yokumba ngaphansi komhlaba ivame ukuba mincane futhi iguquguquke kakhulu kunemishini yokumba evulekile. Imishini evamile yokumba ngaphansi komhlaba ihlanganisa:
Imishini yokumba:
Izikhonkwane Zomgwaqo: Zisetshenziselwa ukumba imigwaqo nemigudu ngomshini, ikakhulukazi ezimayini zamalahle nezamadwala athambile.
Imishini yokubhoboza: Ifakwe izingalo eziningi zokubhoboza, ezisetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imigodi edwaleni eliqinile ukuze kuqhunyiswe.
I-Rotary Drilling Rig: Isetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imiphini emikhulu eqondile kanye ne-chute.
Imishini Yokumba:
Umvukuzi oqhubekayo: Usetshenziswa kakhulu ekumbeni okungaphakathi nangaphakathi ezimayini zamalahle, lapho umthungo wamalahle ukhuhlwa khona ngamadramu ajikelezayo.
Umchebi we-Longwall: osetshenziswa ekumbeni i-longwall ukusika amalahle odongeni olude lwamalahle.
I-Scraper: Isetshenziselwa ukulayisha nokuthutha i-ore noma i-rock waste, futhi kulula ukuyilawula ezindaweni ezincane.
Amaloli okumba: Asetshenziselwa ukuthutha inqwaba yetshe eliyigugu noma imfucuza ngaphansi komhlaba.
I-scraper conveyor: isetshenziselwa ukuthutha amalahle ebusweni obusebenzayo bezindonga ezinde.
Ibhande lokuthutha: elisetshenziselwa ukuthutha i-ore noma idwala elilahliwe amabanga amade.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezimayini kuyinqubo ephelele ehlanganisa ukuhlola, ukuqhumisa, ukuchoboza, ukulayisha, ukuthutha, ukuhlola, ukuqoqa kanye nokusekela ukuphepha. Isixhumanisi ngasinye sidinga ukusebenza okuhlelekile kwemishini eminingi yobungcweti ukuze kufezwe ukubuyiswa kwemithombo yezimbiwa ngendlela ephumelelayo nephephile.
Sihlomisa izimoto zezimayini ngamarimu ochwepheshe. I-HYWG ingumqambi nomkhiqizi wamasondo angaphandle komgwaqo waseShayina ohamba phambili, futhi inguchwepheshe ohamba phambili emhlabeni ekuklanyweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye zamarimu. Yonke imikhiqizo iklanywe futhi ikhiqizwa ngokwezindinganiso zekhwalithi ephezulu.
Sinethimba locwaningo nentuthuko elakhiwe onjiniyela abaphezulu kanye nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe, eligxile ocwaningweni nasekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obusha, futhi ligcina isikhundla esiphambili embonini. Sisungule uhlelo oluphelele lwesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa ukuze sinikeze ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okufika ngesikhathi nangokusebenza kahle kanye nokugcinwa kwangemva kokuthengisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende anolwazi olubushelelezi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Sinesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ekukhiqizeni amasondo. Sinesipiliyoni esicebile kakhulu ekukhiqizeni nasekukhiqizeni amasondo amasondo okumba.
Sinikeza izinhlobo eziningi zamasondo eVolvo, Caterpillar, Liebherr, John Deere, Huddig kanye neminye imikhiqizo eyaziwayo.
Kungani izimoto zokumba zidinga amasondo akhethekile?
Izimoto zokumba kumele zihlonyiswe ngamasondo aklanywe ngokukhethekile (kufaka phakathi amathayi namarimu) ngezizathu eziningana:
1. Ukubhekana nezimo zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu
Umthamo oqinile wemithwalo esindayo: I-ore ethuthwa yizimoto zokumba ikhulu kakhulu futhi inesisindo esikhulu, futhi amasondo adinga ukumelana nemithwalo eyizinkulungwane noma amakhulu zamathani.
Izimo zomhlabathi ezinzima: Izindawo zokumba zivame ukuhambisana nendawo eyinkimbinkimbi njengamatshe abukhali, udaka, uthuli, imigodi, njll., okubeka isidingo esikhulu ekumelaneni nokuguguleka kwamasondo.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu: Ezinye izindawo zezimayini zinamazinga okushisa aphezulu, amazinga okushisa aphansi noma umswakama ophezulu, kanti amathayi avamile avame ukuguga noma ukwehluleka ukusebenza.
2. Thuthukisa ukuphepha nokuzinza
Ukuqinisa isakhiwo samathayi okukhethekile (njengesakhiwo se-radial esenziwe ngensimbi yonke) kungavimbela ngempumelelo izingozi ezifana nokuqhuma kwamathayi nokugoqa.
Uma ihlanganiswe nomklamo werimu yezimayini (njengesakhiwo sendandatho yokukhiya yokuphepha enezingcezu ezi-5), iqinisekisa ukuthi ithayi alisheleli ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukuphepha kokusebenza.
3. Yandisa impilo yesevisi futhi unciphise izindleko zokulungisa
Izinto eziqinile kakhulu kanye nesidumbu esijiyile zingamelana nokusebenza isikhathi eside kanye nokugoqwa okuphindaphindiwe.
Umklamo wephethini okhethekile unganciphisa ukuguguleka kwe-tread, uthuthukise ukushabalaliswa kokushisa, wandise umjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni futhi unciphise izinga lokungasebenzi.
4. Zivumelanise nezidingo ezikhethekile zemishini
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokumba (njengamaloli okulahla udoti aqinile, amaloli ahlanganisiwe, ama-LHD, amafosholo kagesi angaphansi komhlaba, njll.) anezidingo ezifanayo zokuthwala umthwalo, usayizi, kanye nesakhiwo samasondo.
Eminye imishini, njengezimoto ezingaphansi komhlaba, idinga amathayi aqinile noma amathayi aphansi ukuze ihambisane nemigwaqo ephansi.
5. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi
Ukwakheka kokubamba kwamasondo kanye nomhlabathi (njengamaphethini ajulile kanye nemiklamo ebanzi) kungathuthukisa ukugudluka kanye nokubambelela futhi kunciphise ukushelela kanye nokuma.
Kwenza izimoto zezimayini zikwazi ukugcina isivinini sokuthuthwa esisheshayo ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe inani lokukhishwa kwe-ore ngeyunithi ngayinye ngesikhathi.
Inkampani yethu ihileleke kakhulu emikhakheni yemishini yobunjiniyela, amarimu okumba, amarimu e-forklift, amarimu ezimboni, amarimu ezolimo, ezinye izingxenye zamarimu kanye namathayi.
Okulandelayo ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene berimu inkampani yethu engabukhiqiza emikhakheni ehlukene:
- Usayizi wemishini yobunjiniyela:
| 8.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 10.00-25 |
| 11.25-25 | 12.00-25 | 13.00-25 | 14.00-25 | 17.00-25 | 19.50-25 | 22.00-25 |
| 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 | 13.00-33 |
- Usayizi womphetho wemayini:
| 22.00-25 | 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 |
| 28.00-33 | 16.00-34 | 15.00-35 | 17.00-35 | 19.50-49 | 24.00-51 | 40.00-51 |
| 29.00-57 | 32.00-57 | 41.00-63 | 44.00-63 |
- Usayizi womphetho wesondo le-forklift:
| 3.00-8 | 4.33-8 | 4.00-9 | 6.00-9 | 5.00-10 | 6.50-10 | 5.00-12 |
| 8.00-12 | 4.50-15 | 5.50-15 | 6.50-15 | 7.00-15 | 8.00-15 | 9.75-15 |
| 11.00-15 | 11.25-25 | 13.00-25 | 13.00-33 |
- Ubukhulu bomphetho wemoto yezimboni:
| 7.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 7.00x12 |
| 7.00x15 | 14x25 | 8.25x16.5 | 9.75x16.5 | 16x17 | 13x15.5 | 9x15.3 |
| 9x18 | 11x18 | 13x24 | 14x24 | DW14x24 | DW15x24 | 16x26 |
| DW25x26 | W14x28 | 15x28 | DW25x28 |
- Usayizi womphetho wesondo lemishini yezolimo:
| 5.00x16 | 5.5x16 | 6.00-16 | 9x15.3 | 8LBx15 | 10LBx15 | 13x15.5 |
| 8.25x16.5 | 9.75x16.5 | 9x18 | 11x18 | I-W8x18 | I-W9x18 | 5.50x20 |
| I-W7x20 | W11x20 | W10x24 | W12x24 | 15x24 | 18x24 | DW18Lx24 |
| DW16x26 | I-DW20x26 | W10x28 | 14x28 | DW15x28 | DW25x28 | W14x30 |
| DW16x34 | W10x38 | DW16x38 | I-W8x42 | DD18Lx42 | I-DW23Bx42 | I-W8x44 |
| W13x46 | 10x48 | W12x48 | 15x10 | 16x5.5 | 16x6.0 |
Imikhiqizo yethu isezingeni lomhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-23-2025