Mabili a merafo ke mabili a etselitsoeng ka ho khetheha likoloi tse fapaneng tsa mechini e boima tse sebetsang tikolohong e thata ea merafo. Likoloi tsena li kenyelletsa empa ha li felle feela literaka tsa merafo, li-loader, li-bulldozer, li-grader, li-scraper, jj. Ha li bapisoa le mabili a tloaelehileng a mechini ea boenjiniere, mabili a merafo a hloka ho ba le bokhoni bo matla ba ho jara mojaro, ho hanyetsa ho khaola, ho hanyetsa ho tsofala le ho hanyetsa ho phunyeha ho sebetsana le libaka tse rarahaneng tsa litsela, tse thata, tse nang le majoe a mangata le tse ka bang bohale merafong.
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa mabili a merafo:
Bokgoni bo matla haholo ba ho jara mojaro: Hangata dikoloi tsa merafo di jara meroalo e meholo, kahoo mabili a merafo a tlameha ho kgona ho mamella meroalo e phahameng haholo.
Ho hanyetsa ho seha le ho phunya hantle: Majoe a bohale le lehlohlojane litseleng tsa merafo li ka seha le ho phunya mabili habonolo, kahoo mabili a merafo a sebelisa foromo e khethehileng ea rabara le sebopeho sa thapo ea mekhahlelo e mengata ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho hanela tšenyo ena.
Ho hanyetsa ho tsofala ho hoholo: Tikoloho ea ts'ebetso ea merafo e thata 'me mabili a tsofala haholo, kahoo rabara ea tread ea mabili a merafo e na le khanyetso e phahameng ea ho tsofala ho lelefatsa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso.
Ho tshwara le ho tshwara hantle: Ditsela tse mpe le tse sa lekanang tsa merafo di hloka mabili ho fana ka ho tshwara le ho tshwara ho matla ho netefatsa ho kganna ha koloi le bokgoni ba ho sebetsa. Paterone ya ho hata hangata e etseditswe ho ba tebile le ho ba teteaneng ho ntlafatsa bokgoni ba ho tshwara le ho itlhoekisa.
Matla a phahameng le ho tšoarella: Lithaere tsa merafo li hloka ho khona ho sebetsa tlas'a maemo a thata ka nako e telele, kahoo sebopeho sa 'mele oa tsona se hloka ho ba matla haholo le ho tšoarella.
Ho qhala mocheso hantle: Mejaro e boima le ts'ebetso ea nako e telele li tla etsa hore thaere e hlahise mocheso o phahameng, 'me mocheso o feteletseng o tla fokotsa ts'ebetso le bophelo ba thaere. Ka hona, mabili a merafo a entsoe ho nahanoa ka ho qhala mocheso.
Ntlafatso bakeng sa maemo a itseng a merafo: Mefuta e fapaneng ea merafo (joalo ka merafo e bulehileng, merafo e ka tlas'a lefatše) le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso li na le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa mabili, kahoo ho na le mabili a merafo a ntlafalitsoeng bakeng sa maemo a itseng a merafo.
Lithaere tsa merafo li ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro e latelang ho latela sebopeho sa tsona:
Lithaere tsa Bias Ply: Lithapo tsa setopo li hlophisitsoe ka tsela e tšekaletseng ka lehlakoreng le itseng. Sebopeho se bonolo 'me ho tiea ha setopo ho hotle, empa ho qhala ha mocheso ho fokola 'me ts'ebetso ea lebelo le phahameng ha e ntle joaloka ea lithaere tsa radial.
Mabili a Radial: Lithapo tsa setopo li hlophisitsoe ka likhato tse 90 kapa haufi le likhato tse 90 ho ea moo thaere e tsamaeang teng, 'me lera la lebanta le sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa matla. Mabili a Radial a na le botsitso bo betere ba ho sebetsana le 'ona, a hanyetsa ho tsofala, a hasana mochesong le a bolokang mafura. Hona joale, boholo ba mabili a literaka tsa lithōle tsa merafo ke mabili a radial.
Mabili a Tiileng: 'Mele oa mabili o tiile 'me ha o hloke ho phahama ha moea. O na le khanyetso e phahameng haholo ea ho phunyeha, empa o na le ho tenyetseha ho fokolang. O loketse libaka tsa merafo tse nang le lebelo le tlase, mojaro o boima le sebaka se bataletseng sa tsela.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, lithaere tsa merafo ke lekala la bohlokoa haholo la lithaere tsa mechini ea boenjiniere. Li entsoe le ho etsoa ho fihlela litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa libaka tse feteletseng tsa ts'ebetso ea merafo 'me ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e sebetsang hantle le e sireletsehileng ea lisebelisoa tsa merafo.
Libakeng tse thata tsa mosebetsi tse kang merafong, mabili a merafo a hloka ho sebelisoa hammoho le lirimi tsa merafo tse ka mamellang meroalo e meholo le maemo a thata ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e bolokehileng le e sebetsang hantle ea likoloi.
HYWG ke moqapi le moetsi oa mabili a kantle ho tsela oa Chaena oa Nomoro ea pele, le setsebi se etellang pele lefatšeng ka bophara sa moralo le tlhahiso ea likarolo tsa rim. Lihlahisoa tsohle li entsoe le ho hlahisoa ho latela maemo a boleng bo holimo.
Re na le sehlopha sa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele se entsoeng ka baenjiniere ba baholo le litsebi tsa tekheniki, se shebaneng le lipatlisiso le ts'ebeliso ea mahlale a macha ho boloka boemo bo etellang pele indastering. Re thehile sistimi e felletseng ea litšebeletso tsa kamora thekiso ho fana ka tšehetso ea tekheniki e nakong le e sebetsang hantle le tlhokomelo ea kamora thekiso ho netefatsa hore bareki ba na le boiphihlelo bo boreleli nakong ea ts'ebeliso. Re na le boiphihlelo ba lilemo tse fetang 20 tlhahisong ea mabili.
Lirimi tsa merafo li ka aroloa ka lirimi tsa karolo e le 'ngoe, lirimi tsa likarolo tse ngata le lirimi tsa flange ho latela sebopeho sa tsona le mokhoa oa ho li kenya.
Rim ea karolo e le 'ngoe: sebopeho se bonolo, matla a phahameng, se loketse likoloi tse ling tse nyane le tse mahareng tsa merafo.
Lirimi tse nang le likarolo tse ngata hangata li entsoe ka likarolo tse ngata tse kang motheo oa rim, lesale la senotlolo, lesale la ho boloka, jj., 'me li loketse literaka tse kholo tsa merafo le li-loader, jj. Moralo ona o nolofalletsa ho kenngoa le ho tlosoa ha mabili 'me o ka mamella meroalo e phahameng.
Rim ea Flange: Rim e hokahantsoe le hub ka li-flange le liboutu, e leng se fanang ka khokahano e tšepahalang haholoanyane le bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho jara moroalo, bo atisang ho fumanoa likoloing tse kholo tsa merafo.
Lirimi tsena li ka sebetsa libakeng tse thata joalo ka merafong, ka melemo e latelang:
1. Matla a maholo le bokgoni ba ho jara mojaro: Dirimi tsa merafo di entswe ka tshepe e matla haholo mme di entswe ka ho kgetheha le ho matlafatswa ho mamella meroalo e meholo e fetisoang ke mabili a merafo.
2. Ho tšoarella: Tšusumetso, ho ntšoa ha metsi le ho bola tikolohong ea merafo li baka litlhoko tse phahameng haholo ho tšoarelleng ha merimo. Hangata merimo ea merafo e na le thepa e teteaneng le mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho sebetsana le lintlha tsena.
3. Boholo le ho lekana hantle: Boholo le sebopeho sa rim li tlameha ho lumellana hantle le thaere ea merafo ho netefatsa hore thaere e kenngoa hantle le matla a tšoanang, le ho qoba mathata a kang ho thella le ho qhaqhoa ha thaere.
4. Mokhoa o tšepahalang oa ho notlela (bakeng sa mefuta e itseng ea lirimi): Lirimi tse ling tsa merafo, haholo-holo tse sebelisetsoang literaka tse kholo tsa merafo, li ka sebelisa mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho notlela (joalo ka ho kenya li-flange kapa lirimi tse nang le likarolo tse ngata) ho netefatsa khokahano e sireletsehileng ea thaere tlas'a maemo a feteletseng a ts'ebetso.
5. Lintlha tsa ho qhala mocheso: Ho tšoana le mabili a merafo, moralo oa lirimi o tla boela o nahane ka ho qhala mocheso ho thusa ho qhala mocheso o hlahisoang ke ho brake le mabili.
Ha re hlahise feela lirimi tsa likoloi tsa merafo, empa hape re na le mefuta e mengata ea lirimi tsa indasteri, lirimi tsa forklift, lirimi tsa mechini ea kaho, lirimi tsa temo le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa rim le mabili. Re mofani oa lirimi oa pele Chaena bakeng sa Volvo, Caterpillar, Liebherr, John Deere, Huddig le lihlahisoa tse ling tse tsebahalang.
Tse latelang ke boholo bo fapaneng ba lirime tseo k'hamphani ea rona e ka li hlahisang masimong a fapaneng:
Boholo ba mechini ea boenjiniere:
| 8.00-20. | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 10.00-25 |
| 11.25-25 | 12.00-25 | 13.00-25 | 14.00-25 | 17.00-25 | 19.50-25 | 22.00-25 |
| 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 | 13.00-33 |
Boholo ba moedi wa morafo:
| 22.00-25 | 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 |
| 28.00-33 | 16.00-34 | 15.00-35 | 17.00-35 | 19.50-49 | 24.00-51 | 40.00-51 |
| 29.00-57 | 32.00-57 | 41.00-63 | 44.00-63 |
Boholo ba moedi wa lebili la forklift:
| 3.00-8 | 4.33-8 | 4.00-9 | 6.00-9 | 5.00-10 | 6.50-10 | 5.00-12 |
| 8.00-12 | 4.50-15 | 5.50-15 | 6.50-15 | 7.00-15 | 8.00-15 | 9.75-15 |
| 11.00-15 | 11.25-25 | 13.00-25 | 13.00-33 |
Litekanyo tsa mophetho oa likoloi tsa indasteri:
| 7.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 7.00×12 |
| 7.00×15 | 14×25 | 8.25×16.5 | 9.75×16.5 | 16×17 | 13×15.5 | 9 × 15.3 |
| 9 × 18 | 11×18 | 13×24 | 14×24 | DW14x24 | DW15x24 | 16×26 |
| DW25x26 | W14x28 | 15×28 | DW25x28 |
Boholo ba mabili a mechini ea temo:
| 5.00×16 | 5.5×16 | 6.00-16 | 9 × 15.3 | 8LBx15 | 10LBx15 | 13×15.5 |
| 8.25×16.5 | 9.75×16.5 | 9 × 18 | 11×18 | W8x18 | W9x18 | 5.50×20 |
| W7x20 | W11x20 | W10x24 | W12x24 | 15×24 | 18×24 | DW18Lx24 |
| DW16x26 | DW20x26 | W10x28 | 14×28 | DW15x28 | DW25x28 | W14x30 |
| DW16x34 | W10x38 | DW16x38 | W8x42 | DD18Lx42 | DW23Bx42 | W8x44 |
| W13x46 | 10×48 | W12x48 | 15×10 | 16×5.5 | 16×6.0 |
Lihlahisoa tsa rona ke tsa boleng ba lefats'e.
Nako ea poso: Mmesa-23-2025