Ithini inkqubo yokwenziwa kweerim zamavili ezithuthi zobunjineli?
Iirim zamavili ezithuthi zokwakha (ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa izithuthi ezinzima ezifana nee-excavators, ii-loaders, iilori zemigodi, njl.njl.) zihlala zenziwe ngezinto zentsimbi okanye i-aluminium alloy. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi, ukusuka ekulungisweni kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukucutshungulwa kokwenziwa, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-welding, unyango lobushushu ukuya kunyango lomphezulu kunye nokuhlolwa kokugqibela. Oku kulandelayo yinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa iirim zamavili ezithuthi zokwakha:
1. Ukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza
Ukukhetha izinto: Iirim zamavili zihlala zenziwe ngezinto zentsimbi enamandla okanye i-aluminium alloy. Ezi zinto kufuneka zibe namandla alungileyo, zihlale ixesha elide, zikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwaye zikwazi ukumelana nokudinwa.
Ukusika: Ukusika izinto ezikrwada (ezifana neepleyiti zentsimbi okanye iipleyiti ze-aluminium alloy) zibe yimicu okanye amaphepha anobukhulu obuthile ukulungiselela ukucutshungulwa okulandelayo.
2. Ukwakheka komcu werim
Ukuqengqeleka: Ishiti yesinyithi esikiweyo iqengqeleka ibe yiringi ngumatshini owenza imilo ukuze yenze imo esisiseko yomcu weringi. Amandla kunye ne-engile kufuneka zilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqengqeleka ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubungakanani kunye nemo yomphetho ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.
Ukulungiswa komphetho: Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukugoba, ukuqinisa okanye ukugungqa umphetho womphetho ukuze womeleze amandla kunye nokuqina komphetho.
3. Ukuwelda kunye nokudibanisa
Ukuwelda: Iziphelo ezibini zomcu oqulunqiweyo zidityaniswa ukuze zenze isangqa esipheleleyo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuwelda ezizenzekelayo (ezifana nokuwelda kwe-arc okanye ukuwelda nge-laser) ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wokuwelda kunye nokuhambelana. Emva kokuwelda, ukugaya nokucoca kuyafuneka ukuze kususwe ii-burrs kunye nokungalingani kwi-weld.
Ukudibanisa: Hlanganisa umcu werim kunye nezinye iindawo zerim (ezifana nehabhu, iflange, njl.njl.), ngesiqhelo ngokucinezela ngoomatshini okanye ngokuwelda. Ihabhu yinxalenye efakelwe kwitayara, kwaye iflange yinxalenye eqhagamshelwe kwi-axle yevili lesithuthi.
4. Unyango lobushushu
Ukuqhoboshela okanye ukucima: Iirim emva kokuqhoboshela okanye ukuhlanganisa ziphathwa ngobushushu, njengokuqhoboshela okanye ukucima, ukuze kupheliswe uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi nokuphucula ukuqina kunye namandla ezinto. Inkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu kufuneka yenziwe phantsi kobushushu obulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nexesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zomzimba zezinto ziyahlangabezana neemfuno.
5. Umatshini
Ukujika nokubhoboza: Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zisetyenziselwa ukwenza umatshini wokugaya ngokuchanekileyo kumphetho, kubandakanya ukujika umphezulu wangaphakathi nowangaphandle womphetho, imingxunya yokubhoboza (njengokufaka imingxunya yebholiti), kunye nokubhoboza. Le misebenzi yokugaya ifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kunye nokuchaneka komlinganiselo womphetho.
Ukulinganiswa kwebhalansi: Yenza uvavanyo lwebhalansi oluguquguqukayo kumphetho ocutshungulweyo ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwayo ngesantya esiphezulu. Yenza izilungiso ezifunekayo kunye nokulinganiswa ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo.
6. Unyango lomphezulu
Ukucoca nokususa umhlwa: Coca, susa umhlwa kwaye ucoce iirim ukuze ususe umaleko we-oxide, amabala eoyile kunye nokunye ukungcola okungaphezulu.
Ukugquma okanye ukugquma: iirimu zihlala zifuna ukunyangwa ngonyango lokulwa nokugqwala, olufana nokutshiza iprimer, itopcoat okanye ielectroplating (efana ne-electrogalvanizing, ichrome plating, njl.njl.). Ukugquma komphezulu akuboneleli nje kuphela ngenkangeleko entle, kodwa kukwathintela ngempumelelo ukugqwala kunye ne-oxidation, okwandisa ubomi benkonzo yerimu.
7. Uhlolo loMgangatho
Ukuhlolwa kwenkangeleko: Jonga umphezulu womphetho ukuze ubone iziphene ezifana nemikrwelo, imifantu, amaqamza okanye ukugquma okungalinganiyo.
Ukuhlolwa kobukhulu: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa ezikhethekileyo ukuhlola ubungakanani bomphetho, ukujikeleza, ibhalansi, indawo yomngxuma, njl. ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho.
Uvavanyo lwamandla: Uvavanyo lwamandla oluqinileyo okanye oluguquguqukayo lwenziwa kumphetho, kubandakanya ukucinezelwa, ukuxinana, ukugoba kunye nezinye iimpawu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo kunye nokuqina kwayo xa isetyenziswa ngokwenene.
8. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuhanjiswa
Ukupakishwa: Iirimi eziphumelela lonke uhlolo lomgangatho ziya kupakishwa, zihlala zipakishwe ngendlela engenakushukunyiswa kwaye ingenakufuma ukuze kukhuselwe iirimi ekonakalisweni ngexesha lokuthuthwa.
Ukuthunyelwa: Iirim ezipakishiweyo ziya kuthunyelwa ngokwelungiselelo le-odolo kwaye zithuthwe kubathengi okanye kubathengisi.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweerim zamavili eemoto zobunjineli ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi okucubungula ngokuchanekileyo, kuquka ukulungiswa kwezinto, ukubumba, ukuwelda, unyango lobushushu, umatshini kunye nonyango lomphezulu, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba iirim zineempawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Inyathelo ngalinye lifuna ulawulo olungqongqo lomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba iirim zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zithembekile kwiindawo zokusebenza ezinzima.
Singumyili kunye nomvelisi weevili ezihamba ngaphandle kwendlela eTshayina, kwaye singoochwephesha abaphambili kwihlabathi kuyilo lwezixhobo zeerim kunye nemveliso. Zonke iimveliso zethu ziyilwe kwaye ziveliswa ngokwemigangatho ephezulu, kwaye sinamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 okuvelisa iivili.
Iirim zethu zezithuthi zokwakha kunye nezixhobo zigubungela iintlobo ngeentlobo, kubandakanya ii-wheel loaders, iilori ezidibeneyo, ii-graders, ii-wheel excavators, kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi. Singabathengisi bokuqala beerim eTshayina kwiimveliso ezaziwayo ezifana neVolvo, iCaterpillar, iLiebherr, kunye neJohn Deere.
Iirim ze-19.50-25/2.5 esizibonelela ngee-JCB wheel loaders ziqatshelwe kakhulu ngabathengi. I-19.50-25/2.5 yirim yesakhiwo se-5PC yamatayara e-TL, esetyenziswa rhoqo kwii-wheel loaders kunye nezithuthi eziqhelekileyo.
I-rim ye-19.50-25/2.5 isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ezinzima ezifana noomatshini bokwakha, izithuthi zemigodi, iilori ezinkulu okanye iilori zokomba eziqinileyo.
Iirim zobukhulu obunjalo zinamandla okuthwala umthwalo: iirim ezibanzi kunye namatayara abanzi zinokusasaza uxinzelelo ngempumelelo, ziphucule amandla omthwalo kunye nokuzinza kwesithuthi siphela, kwaye zifanelekile ngokukodwa kwiimeko zomthwalo onzima.
Ifanelekile kumatayara amakhulu, ingakumbi amatayara anzima afana ne-23.5R25 kunye ne-26.5R25. Iyandisa indawo yokunxibelelana phakathi kwetayara nomhlaba, inciphisa uxinzelelo kwindawo nganye, kwaye ilungele ukugqithwa emhlabeni othambileyo nakwiimeko ezityibilikayo. Kwangaxeshanye, iirimu ezibanzi kunye namatayara zinokuphucula ngempumelelo amandla esithuthi okulwa nokuqengqeleka xa sijika. Isetyenziswa kwimithwalo emikhulu, kwizithuthi zemigodi eziqinileyo, kwii-scrapers nakwezinye izixhobo.
Ungayisebenzisa njani i-wheel loader ngokuchanekileyo?
Ii-wheel loaders luhlobo oluqhelekileyo loomatshini bokwakha, abasetyenziswa kakhulu kumsebenzi womhlaba, emigodini, ekwakheni nakwezinye izihlandlo zokulayisha, ukuthutha, ukuqokelela kunye nokucoca izinto. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwee-wheel loaders akunakuphucula kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kuqinisekisa nokhuseleko lokusebenza. Ezi zilandelayo ziindlela ezisisiseko kunye namanyathelo okusebenzisa ii-wheel loaders:
1. Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Jonga izixhobo: Jonga inkangeleko yesixhobo sokulayisha amavili nokuba zonke izinto zaso zikwimeko entle na, kuquka amatayara (jonga uxinzelelo lwetayara kunye nokuguguleka), inkqubo ye-hydraulic (nokuba inqanaba leoyile liqhelekile na kwaye kukho ukuvuza), injini (jonga ioyile yenjini, isibandisi, ipetroli, isihluzi somoya, njl.njl.).
Ukujonga ukhuseleko: Qinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo zokhuseleko zisebenza kakuhle, ezifana neebhuleki, iinkqubo zokuqhuba, izibane, iimpondo, iimpawu zesilumkiso, njl. Jonga ukuba iibhanti zesihlalo, iiswitshi zokhuseleko kunye nezicimi-mlilo ezikwikhabhini zikwimeko entle na.
Ukuhlolwa kokusingqongileyo: Jonga ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo okanye iingozi ezinokubakho kwindawo yokusebenza, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umhlaba uqinile kwaye uthe tyaba, ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezicacileyo okanye ezinye iingozi ezinokubakho.
Qalisa izixhobo: Ngena kwikhabhathi uze ubophe ibhanti lakho lesihlalo. Qalisa injini ngokwemiyalelo ekwincwadi yemiyalelo yomqhubi, linda izixhobo zifudumale (ingakumbi xa kubanda), kwaye ujonge izibane zesalathisi kunye neenkqubo ze-alamu kwideshibhodi ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinkqubo ziqhelekile.
2. Ukusebenza okusisiseko kwe-wheel loader
Lungisa isihlalo sakho kunye nezipili: Lungisa isihlalo sakho sibe kwindawo ekhululekileyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ii-control levers kunye neepedali ngokulula. Lungisa izibuko zakho zangasemva nezecala ukuqinisekisa ukuba zibonakala kakuhle.
Isixhobo sokulawula:
Isixhobo sokusebenza sebhakethi: sisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuphakanyiswa nokuthambeka kwebhakethi. Tsala i-lever ngasemva ukuze uphakamise ibhakethi, uyityhale phambili ukuze uyithobe; uyityhale ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene ukuze ulawule ukuthambeka kwebhakethi.
I-lever yokulawula ukuhamba: Idla ngokuba kwicala lasekunene lomqhubi, esetyenziselwa phambili nangasemva. Emva kokukhetha igiya eliya phambili okanye eliya ngasemva, cofa kancinci i-accelerator pedal ukulawula isantya.
Umsebenzi wokuqhuba:
Ukuqalisa: Khetha igiya elifanelekileyo (ngesiqhelo elokuqala okanye elesi-2), cinezela kancinci i-accelerator pedal, qala kancinci, kwaye uphephe ukukhawulezisa ngequbuliso.
Ukuqhuba: Jika ivili lokuqhuba kancinci ukuze ulawule ukuqhubela, kuphephe ukujika ngokukhawuleza ngesantya esiphezulu ukuze uthintele ukuqengqeleka. Gcina isantya esizinzileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imoto izinzile.
Umsebenzi wokulayisha:
Sondela kwinqwaba yezinto: Sondela kwinqwaba yezinto ngesantya esiphantsi, qiniseka ukuba ibhakethi izinzile kwaye ikufutshane nomhlaba, kwaye ulungiselele ukuyifaka kwinqwaba yezinto.
Izinto zefosholo: Xa ibhakethi idibana nezinto, yiphakamise kancinci kancinci ibhakethi uze uyigobe ngasemva ukuze ufake ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bezinto. Qinisekisa ukuba ibhakethi ilayishwe ngokulinganayo ukuze uphephe ukulayisha okungaqhelekiyo.
Phakamisa ibhakede: Emva kokuba ukulayisha kugqityiwe, phakamisa ibhakede liye kubude obufanelekileyo bokuthutha, uphephe ukuba phezulu kakhulu okanye phantsi kakhulu ukuze ugcine umbono ocacileyo kunye nozinzo.
Ukuhambisa nokukhupha izinto: hambisa izinto kwindawo emiselweyo ngesantya esiphantsi, uze wehlise kancinci ibhakede uze ukhuphe izinto kakuhle. Xa ukhupha izinto, qiniseka ukuba ibhakede ilungelelene kwaye ungayilahli ngequbuliso.
3. Amanqaku aphambili okusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo
Gcina uzinzo: Kuphephe ukuqhuba ecaleni okanye ukujika ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezithe tyaba ukuze ugcine uzinzo lweloja. Xa uqhuba kwindawo ethe tyaba, zama ukunyuka nokuhla ngqo ukuze uphephe umngcipheko wokuqengqeleka.
Kuphephe ukulayisha umthwalo omninzi: Layisha umthwalo ngokufanelekileyo ngokomthamo wawo womthwalo kwaye uphephe ukulayisha umthwalo omninzi. Ukulayisha umthwalo omninzi kuya kuchaphazela ukhuseleko lokusebenza, kwandise ukuguguleka kwezixhobo kwaye kunciphise ubomi bezixhobo.
Gcina umbono ocacileyo: Ngexesha lokulayisha nokuthuthwa, qiniseka ukuba umqhubi ubona kakuhle, ingakumbi xa esebenza kwiimeko ezinzima okanye kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
Sebenzisa kancinci: Xa ulayisha kwaye ukhulula, soloko usebenza ngesantya esiphantsi kwaye uphephe ukukhawulezisa ngequbuliso okanye ukuqhobosha. Ingakumbi xa uqhuba umatshini kufutshane nenqwaba yezinto, sebenzisa kancinci.
4. Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa emva kotyando
Coca izixhobo: Emva komsebenzi, hlamba isixhobo sokulayisha amavili, ingakumbi iindawo ezifana nebhakethi, indawo yokungenisa umoya wenjini kunye neradiator apho uthuli kunye nothuli kudla ngokuqokelelana khona.
Jonga ukuguguleka: Jonga amatayara, iibhakethi, iindawo zehinge, imigca ye-hydraulic, iisilinda kunye nezinye iindawo ukuze ubone ukuba zonakele, azikhululekanga okanye azivuzi ioyile.
Ukuzalisa ipetroli kunye nokuthambisa: Gcwalisa ilori ngepetroli njengoko kufuneka, jonga kwaye uzalise ioli ye-hydraulic, ioli yenjini kunye nezinye izinto zokuthambisa. Gcina zonke iindawo zokuthambisa zithanjiswe kakuhle.
Imeko yezixhobo: Gcina iirekhodi zokusebenza kunye neerekhodi zemeko yezixhobo, kuquka iiyure zokusebenza, imeko yokugcinwa, iirekhodi zempazamo, njl.njl., ukuze kube lula ukulawula nokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla.
5. Ukuphathwa kwemeko kaxakeka
Ukungasebenzi kweebhreki: Yitshintshele kwigiya esezantsi ngoko nangoko, sebenzisa injini ukunciphisa isantya, uze ume kancinci kancinci; ukuba kuyimfuneko, faka ibhreki yongxamiseko.
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic: Ukuba inkqubo ye-hydraulic iyasilela okanye iyavuza, yima ukusebenza ngoko nangoko, beka i-loader kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, kwaye uyihlole okanye uyilungise.
Isilumkiso sokusilela kwezixhobo: Ukuba kuvela isignali yesilumkiso kwiphaneli yezixhobo, jonga ngoko nangoko unobangela wokusilela kwaye ugqibe ekubeni uqhubeke nomsebenzi okanye wenze ukulungiswa ngokusekelwe kwimeko.
Ukusetyenziswa kwee-wheel loaders kufuna ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kweenkqubo zokusebenza, ukuqhelana nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo kunye nemisebenzi, imikhwa emihle yokuqhuba, ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokunyamekela, kunye nokusoloko unika ingqalelo kukhuseleko lokusebenza. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa akunakundisa nje ubomi bezixhobo, kodwa kukwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwendawo yokwakha.
Asivelisi nje kuphela iirimu zoomatshini bobunjineli, kodwa sikwanazo neemveliso ezahlukeneyo eziquka iirimu zezithuthi zemigodi, iirimu zeforklift, iirimu zemizi-mveliso, iirimu zezolimo kunye nezinye izixhobo zeerimu kunye namatayara.
Oku kulandelayo ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeerim ezinokuveliswa yinkampani yethu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:
Ubungakanani boomatshini bobunjineli:
| 8.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 10.00-25 |
| 11.25-25 | 12.00-25 | 13.00-25 | 14.00-25 | 17.00-25 | 19.50-25 | 22.00-25 |
| 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 | 13.00-33 |
Ubungakanani bomphetho wesandla sam:
| 22.00-25 | 24.00-25 | 25.00-25 | 36.00-25 | 24.00-29 | 25.00-29 | 27.00-29 |
| 28.00-33 | 16.00-34 | 15.00-35 | 17.00-35 | 19.50-49 | 24.00-51 | 40.00-51 |
| 29.00-57 | 32.00-57 | 41.00-63 | 44.00-63 |
Ubungakanani bomphetho wevili le-Forklift:
| 3.00-8 | 4.33-8 | 4.00-9 | 6.00-9 | 5.00-10 | 6.50-10 | 5.00-12 |
| 8.00-12 | 4.50-15 | 5.50-15 | 6.50-15 | 7.00-15 | 8.00-15 | 9.75-15 |
| 11.00-15 | 11.25-25 | 13.00-25 | 13.00-33 |
Ubukhulu bomphetho wesithuthi semizi-mveliso:
| 7.00-20 | 7.50-20 | 8.50-20 | 10.00-20 | 14.00-20 | 10.00-24 | 7.00x12 |
| 7.00x15 | 14x25 | 8.25x16.5 | 9.75x16.5 | 16x17 | 13x15.5 | 9x15.3 |
| 9x18 | 11x18 | 13x24 | 14x24 | DW14x24 | DW15x24 | 16x26 |
| DW25x26 | W14x28 | 15x28 | DW25x28 |
Ubungakanani bomphetho wevili loomatshini bezolimo:
| 5.00x16 | 5.5x16 | 6.00-16 | 9x15.3 | 8LBx15 | 10LBx15 | 13x15.5 |
| 8.25x16.5 | 9.75x16.5 | 9x18 | 11x18 | W8x18 | W9x18 | 5.50x20 |
| W7x20 | W11x20 | W10x24 | W12x24 | 15x24 | 18x24 | DW18Lx24 |
| DW16x26 | DW20x26 | W10x28 | 14x28 | DW15x28 | DW25x28 | W14x30 |
| DW16x34 | W10x38 | DW16x38 | I-W8x42 | DD18Lx42 | DW23Bx42 | I-W8x44 |
| W13x46 | 10x48 | W12x48 | 15x10 | 16x5.5 | 16x6.0 |
Iimveliso zethu zikumgangatho wehlabathi.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-14-2024